القائمة الرئيسية

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تاريخ فرنسا

ما هو الباستيل؟

02 مارس 2013

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لا يوجد عناوين

الباستيل هو سجن أُنشئ في فرنسا بين عامي 1370 و1383 كحصن للدفاع عن باريس

قد يعجبك ايضا

ومن ثم كسجن للمعارضين السياسيين والمسجونين الدينيين والمحرضين ضد الدولة. وأصبح على مدار السنين رمزاً للطغيان والظلم وانطلقت منه الشرارة الأولى للثورة الفرنسية في 14 يوليو 1789. وما تزال فرنسا حتى اليوم تحتفل بمناسبة اقتحام السجن باعتبارها اليوم الوطني لفرنسا (Fête Nationale) في الرابع عشر من يوليو من كل عام وانتهاء حقبة طويلة من الحكم المطلق.
كان اسمه الأصلي "الباستيد" La Bastide وليس الباستيل وتعني "الحصن" باللغة الفرنسية. وقد بدأ التفكير جديا في بنائه مكان السور عند باب سانت أنطوان لحماية باريس من الشرق وحماية باب سان دنيس Saint Denis وسان مارتان Saint- Martin بعد هزيمة بواتييه Poitiers وأسر الملك جان الطيب Jean Le Bon عام 1356.

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