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جسم الانسان، معلومات علمية

ما هي الغدد الصماء؟

09 يناير 2013

ما هي الغدد الصماء؟

هي الغدد التي تفرز منتجاتها مباشرة إلى مجرى الدم وتتوزع هذه الغدد في كل أنحاء الجسم. إفرازاتها عبارة عن مواد كميائية وبروتينية تلعب دورا أساسيا في عمل الأعضاء وفي تنظيم التوازن الكميائي للجسم.

يتم تنشيط الغدد الصماء لإفراز الهرمونات عن طريق المحفزات الخلطية، العصبية، أو الهرمونية. الردود الفعل السليبة هي مهمة في تنظيم مستويات الهرمون في الدم. يمكن للنظام العصبي الذي يعمل من خلال ضوابط طائي، في بعض الحالات أن يتجاوز أو يعدّل التأثيرات الهرمونية. وهذه الغدد هي:
الغدة النخامية
الغدة الدرقية
الغدة الدريقية (الجاردرقية)
الغدة الكظرية (الجاركلوية)
البنكرياس
الغدد التناسلية
الغدة الصنوبرية
الغدة الزعترية

جسم الانسان، معلومات علمية

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