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اختراعات واكتشافات معلومات علمية،

من هو مخترع ميزان الحرارة؟

15 يناير 2013

من هو مخترع ميزان الحرارة؟

العالم الفلكي السويدي أندريس سيلسيوس عاش في القرن 18
بحيث ولد في 27 تشرين الثاني / نوفمبر 1701.وتوفي في 25
نيسان / ابريل

في سنة 1742 ، صنع أندرس ميزان حرارة ئبقيا مدرجا بسلم مئـــوي ،
بحيث، يمثل الصفر (0) نقطة غليان الماء والمأة (100) نقطة تجمده
لكن هذا السلم قُلب بعد وفاته
بصفة عامة يحتوي ميزان الحرارة على خزان مرتبط بأنبوب مملـــوء جزئيــــا
بالزئبق ، لكن كثيرا ما يتم تعويض الزئبق بمادة الكحــول الملـــون وذلك
بالنسبة للمحارير المستعملة في المنازل .
يتميز الكحول بقابليته للتمدد ست مرات أكثر من الزئبق ، وذلك بالنسبــة
لنفس القيمة لدرجة الحرارة،الشيء الذي يؤدي إلى قراءة أسهل، وتتراوح
تدريجات محرار الكحول بين -20 درجة مئوية إلى + 60 درجة مئويــة

تطبيقات ونتائج الاختراع

اطلق اسم العالم سيلسيوس على إحدى وحدات درجة الحرارة، والآن
نستطيع بواسطتها بسهولة أكبر تحديد درجة الحرارة التي تعتبر
سمة أساسية في علم المناخ والأرصاد الجوية ، و أيضا في علم
وظائف الأعضاء ، والكيمياء ...

الوحدة العالمية لدرجة الحرارة المستخدمة حاليا من قبل العلماء هي
كلفن.Kelvin بحيث
درجة حرارة كلفن =درجة سيلسيوس + 273.15

اختراعات واكتشافات معلومات علمية،

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